Pan-EU FBA vs EFN: which should I use?
Pan-EU FBA lets Amazon distribute inventory across EU fulfilment centres for lower fees and faster delivery, but requires VAT registration in every country Amazon stores inventory (typically DE, FR, IT, ES, PL, CZ). EFN (European Fulfilment Network) keeps inventory in one country and ships cross-border with higher fees but only one VAT registration.
Pan-EU: lower fees, more VAT complexity
Amazon distributes your inventory across EU warehouses. Local fulfilment means lower FBA fees per unit and faster delivery, boosting conversion. Cost: VAT registration in 6 to 7 countries plus EPR per country.
EFN: simpler, higher per-order cost
You store in one country (usually DE). Amazon ships cross-border to the other four EU marketplaces at a per-order cross-border fee. Only one VAT registration required in the storage country plus UK if applicable.
Decision threshold
Above roughly 500 units/month across EU5, Pan-EU savings usually outweigh the extra VAT and compliance cost. Below that, EFN keeps things simple while you learn the market.
Frequently asked questions
How much lower are Pan-EU fees?
Pan-EU FBA fulfilment fees run 20% to 40% below EFN cross-border fees per unit.
Can I mix Pan-EU and EFN?
Yes. Some sellers use Pan-EU for top movers and EFN for the long tail.
Do I need EPR for both?
Yes. EPR registration is required per country regardless of Pan-EU or EFN.
Does Nova track fees across EU marketplaces?
Yes. Nova pulls fees per marketplace per SKU across all 21 supported marketplaces.
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Nova surfaces this metric per SKU in near real time so you can act before your next monthly close catches it.
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Should I expand to Amazon EU?
Amazon EU is worth expanding into once you have a stable, profitable US business (100+ orders/day per SKU) and 6+ months of forecastable demand. EU adds five marketplaces (UK, DE, FR, IT, ES) but introduces VAT registration, EPR obligations, EU Responsible Person, and labelling requirements that take 2 to 4 months to set up correctly.
Amazon UK VAT: what US sellers need to know
Any US seller shipping to the UK or storing inventory in a UK FBA warehouse must register for UK VAT with HMRC before selling. UK VAT is 20% standard rate. Amazon collects and remits VAT on your behalf for many transactions (MFR rules), but registration and periodic filings remain the seller's responsibility.
Which Amazon marketplaces does Nova support?
Nova supports all 21 Amazon marketplaces: US, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, UK, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Sweden, Poland, Belgium, Turkey, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, India, Japan, Australia, and Singapore. SKU-level profit, PPC, inventory, and reporting work identically across each marketplace once connected via SP-API.
How does Amazon Remote Fulfillment with FBA work?
Remote Fulfillment with FBA lets US sellers fulfil orders in Canada, Mexico, and Brazil directly from their US FBA inventory. Amazon handles cross-border shipping, customs, and delivery. It skips local warehouse setup but adds a per-order fee that raises unit cost by 5% to 15%.
How do Amazon currency conversion fees work?
When you sell in a non-USD marketplace and disburse to a USD bank account, Amazon converts currency at its own rate, which is roughly 2% to 3% worse than the mid-market rate. Alternatives like Wise, Payoneer, or WorldFirst multi-currency accounts typically save 1% to 2% per payout by letting you disburse in local currency and convert separately.